Kubwezera molakwika kwa kukakamiza

Kubwezera molakwika kwakuponya masensandiye chinsinsi cha ntchito yawo. Kupanikizika makamaka kumakhala ndi vuto la chidwi, cholakwika cholowera, cholakwika cha HSYTEREIS, ndi cholakwika cha mzere. Nkhaniyi idzetsa njira zolakwazo zinayi ndi zomwe zimawakhudza. Nthawi yomweyo, idzayambitsa kusinthasintha kwa njira zosungunulira ndi zitsanzo zogwiritsira ntchito kukonza kulondola kolondola.

Pakadali pano pali zigawo zambiri pamsika, zomwe zimalola akatswiri opanga kuti asankhe zomverera zomwe zimafunikira dongosolo. Izi zimaphatikizapo kumasulira koyambira kofunikira kwambiri komanso zovuta zambiri zophatikizira ndi mabwalo ozungulira. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kumeneku, mainjiniya opanga amayenera kuyesetsa kulipirira zolakwika zoyeserera, zomwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ma senso amakumana ndi zofuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zina, chindapusa chimathandizanso kukonza ma sensore ogwiritsira ntchito.

Malingaliro omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi akugwira ntchito ndikupanga masensa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masensa osiyanasiyana, omwe ali ndi magulu atatu:

1. Katswiri woyambira kapena wosasunthika;

2. Pali malipiro otentha ndi kutentha;

3. Ali ndi kambuku, kubweza, ndi kuchulukana.

Onetsetsani, kufalikira kwa matchuthi, komanso kubwezeretsa kutentha kumatheka chifukwa cha ma netfilimu opyapyala, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Laserict Play. Sensor iyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi microcortherller, ndipo mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa a Microcopyler adakhazikitsa mtundu wa mathemar. Pambuyo pa magetsi a microcontroller amawerenga magetsi otulutsa, mawonekedwe amatha kusintha magetsi kukhala mtengo wokwanira kudzera mu kusintha kwa analog-to-digito.

Mtundu wosavuta kwambiri wa masamu kwa masensa ndi ntchito yosamutsira. Chitsanzo chingathe kuthandizidwa konse njira yonse yotsogola, ndipo kukhwima kwake kumawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ma calciramution.

Kuchokera pakuwona kwachilengedwe, cholakwika choyeserera chili ndi tanthauzo labwino kwambiri: chimadziwika kuti kusiyana pakati pa kukakamizidwa ndi kuzolowera zenizeni. Komabe, nthawi zambiri sizingatheke kupeza zipani zenizeni, koma zitha kuwerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito miyezo yoyenera. Akatswiri amathupi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zokwanira nthawi 10 kuposa zida zoyeza monga muyeso.

Chifukwa chakuti machitidwe osavomerezeka amatha kusintha magetsi kuti athe kukakamizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chidwi chogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina komanso zowonongeka.

Vuto loyambirira loyambirira ili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Kulakwitsa kwa chidwi: kukula kwa zolakwa zomwe zatulutsidwa ndizofanana ndi kutengeka. Ngati chidwi cha chipangizocho ndi chachikulu kuposa mtengo wamba, kumverera kwa chidwi kumakhala ntchito yowonjezera. Ngati chidwi chake ndi chotsika kuposa mtengo womwewo, kumverera kotheka kudzakhala kotheka kuvuta. Cholinga cha cholakwika ichi chimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha munjira yosinthira.

2. Cholakwika cholumikizira: chifukwa cholumikizira chokhazikika chonse, kusintha kwa Transf MorffFision ndi kukonza kusintha kwa laser kumabweretsa zolakwika zonyansa.

3. Vuto la Lag: Nthawi zambiri, cholakwika cha lag chitha kunyalanyazidwa kwathunthu chifukwa chotupa cha silicon chili ndi mphamvu yayitali. Nthawi zambiri, cholakwika cha Hysteresis chimangofunika kuonedwa ngati pali zochitika zina zomwe zimasintha kwambiri.

4. Vuto la Linear: Ichi ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri pa cholakwika choyambirira, chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi vuto lakuthupi la silikicon limayenda. Komabe, kwa masensa ndi amplifare, zomwe sizikutanthauza anthu amzereli ziyeneranso kuphatikizidwa. Chovuta cholumikizira chimatha kukhala chopindika kapena convex curve.

Kachikulu zimatha kuchotsa kapena kuchepetsa zolakwa izi, pomwe njira zolipirira zimafunikira kudziwa magawo omwe amasamutsa dongosololi, m'malo mongogwiritsa ntchito zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Mafutamenga, osinthika osinthika, ndi zida zina zonse zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobweza, pomwe pulogalamu imatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchitoyi.

Njira yofunika kwambiri yolowera imatha kulipirira zolakwa za zotulukapo pochotsa chiwongola dzanja cha zero cholowera, ndipo mtundu wamtunduwu umatchedwa basi. Kachilendo kamene kali kasokonekera nthawi zambiri kumachitidwa pa kupsinjika zero, makamaka m'malingaliro osiyanasiyana, monga kupanikizika kosiyana ndi 0 pansi pa zinthu mwadzina. Kwa masensa owoneka bwino, odziwika bwino kwambiri chifukwa amafunikira njira yopezerera yowerengera mphamvu yokakamizidwa ndi mikhalidwe yovuta pamlengalenga, kapena wolamulira kuti athe kupeza zovuta.

Kukhazikika kwa Zero Kupsinjika kwa masensa amitundu ndi kolondola kwambiri chifukwa kukakamizidwa kwa calibation kumakhala koyenera. Kumbali inayo, kulondola kwa caltubration pamene kupsinjika sikudalira kugwirira ntchito kwa wolamulira kapena muyeso.

Sankhani kukakamiza

Kusankhidwa kwa kukakamizidwa kofunikira ndikofunikira kwambiri monga kumatsimikizira zovuta zomwe zimakwaniritsa bwino. M'malo mwake. Chifukwa chake, malo ophunzitsira ayenera kusankhidwa kutetezedwa ndi zovuta za zomwe akufuna, ndipo kukakamizidwa sikungakhale kogwirizana ndi ntchito.

Pofuna kutembenuza mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ikhale ndi mtengo wokakamizidwa, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamankhwala osavomerezeka m'masamu chifukwa nthawi zambiri amadziwika.

Pambuyo pochita zovomerezeka (pcal = 0), chiwonetsero chovuta chimawonetsa cholumikizira cholumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira chakuda choyimira cholakwika chakuda.

Njira yosinthitsa iyi ili ndi zofuna za stricter ndi ndalama zapamwamba poyerekeza ndi njira yofunika yofunika. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi njira yoyambira, njirayi imatha kukonza moyenera kulondola kwa dongosololo chifukwa sikowoneka kuti imalepheretse vutoli, komanso imatsitsa chidwi cha sensor. Chifukwa chake, kuwerengera molakwika, chidwi chenicheni cha kugwirira ntchito chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zizolowezi zake.

Pano, kambuku amachitidwa m'mikhalidwe ya 0-500 megapascals (sikelo yonse). Popeza cholakwika cha malo osungirako chili pafupi ndi zero, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhazikitsa mfundozi kuti apeze cholakwika chocheperako munthawi yovuta.

Ntchito zina zimafuna kuwongolera kwambiri kuti zisungidwe konsekonse. Mu mapulogalamu awa, njira yolowera yotchingira mitundu yambiri imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Mu njira yosuta yazikulu, osati kokha zolakwa zomwe zimaganiziridwa, komanso zolakwika zambiri zimaganiziridwa. Chitsanzo cha masamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano ndi ofanana ndi utsogoleri wa magawo awiriwo pa nthawi iliyonse yofunika kwambiri (pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za calsibration).

Atatu oyambira

Monga tanena kale, cholakwika cha mzere wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osasinthika, ndipo cholakwika chopingasa chikugwirizana ndi equation yofiyira, ndikuwonetsa komanso mawonekedwe. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa masensa omwe samagwiritsa ntchito amplifali, chifukwa zomwe sizimachitika zimakhazikitsidwa pazifukwa zopangira (chifukwa cha zifukwa zopyapyala za silika).

Mafotokozedwe olakwika olakwika amatha kuwerengedwa powerengera cholakwika cha mizere wamba ndikuwona magawo a ntchito ya polynomial (a × 2 BX). Mtundu womwe umapezeka mutatha kudziwa A, B, ndi C ndizothandiza kwa masensa amtundu womwewo. Njirayi imatha kulipira molondola zolakwitsa popanda kufunika kwa gawo lachitatu lofunika.